Cost Budgeting: Allocating the cost estimates to individual work activities. (来源：英语学习门户 http://www.EnglishCN.com)

Cost Control: Controlling changes to the project budget.

Cost Estimating: Developing an approximation (estimate) of the cost of the resources needed to complete project activities.

Cost of Quality: The costs incurred to ensure quality. The cost of quality includes quality

Planning, quality control, quality assurance, and rework.

Cost Performance Index (CPI): The cost efficiency ratio of earned value to actual costs.

CPI is often used to predict the magnitude of a possible cost overrun using the following formula: BAC/CPI = projected cost at completion. CPI = EV divided by AC.

Cost-Plus-Fixed-Fee (CPFF) Contract: A type of contract where the buyer reimburses the seller for the seller's allowable costs (allowable costs are defined by the contract) plus a fixed amount of profit (fee).

Cost-Plus-Incentive-Fee (CPIF) Contract: A type contract where the buyer reimburses the seller for the seller's allowable costs (allowable costs are defined by the contract), and the seller earns its profit if it meets defined performance criteria.

Cost Variance (CV): 1) Any difference between the budgeted cost of an activity and the actual cost of that activity. 2) In earned value, EV less ACWP = CV.

Crashing: Taking action to decrease the total project duration after analyzing a number of alternatives to determine how to get the maximum duration compression for the least cost.

Critical Activity: Any activity on a critical path. Most commonly determined by using the critical path method Although some activities are "critical," in the dictionary sense, without being on the critical path this meaning is seldom used in the project context.

Critical Path: The series of  activities that determines the duration of the project. In a deterministic model, the critical path is usually defined as those activities with float less than or equal to a specified value, often zero. It is the longest path through the project. See critical path method.

Critical Path Method (CPM): A network analysis technique used to predict project duration by analyzing which sequence of activities (which path) has the least amount of scheduling flexibility (the least amount of float). Early dates are calculated by means of a forward pass, using a specified start date. Late dates are calculated by means of a backward pass, starting from a specified completion date (usually the forward pass' calculated project early finish date).

Current Finish Date: The current estimate of the point in time when an activity will be completed.

Current Start Date: The current estimate of the point in time when an activity will begin.

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D

 Data Date (DD): The date at which, or up to which, the project's reporting system has provided actual status and accomplishments. Also called as-of-date.

Decision Tree Analysis: The decision tree is a diagram that describes a decision under consideration and the implications of choosing one or another of the available alter­natives. It incorporates probabilities or risk and the costs or rewards of each logical path of events and future decisions.

Definitive Estimate: See estimate.

Deliverable: Any measurable, tangible, verifiable outcome, result, or item that must be produced to complete a project or part of a project. Often used more narrowly in reference to an external deliverable, which is a deliverable that is subject to approval by the project sponsor or customer.

Dependency: See logical relationship.

Dummy Activity: An activity zero duration used to show a logical relationship in the arrow diagramming method. Dummy activities are used when logical relationships cannot be completely or correctly described with regular activity arrows. Dummies are shown graphically as a dashed line headed by an arrow.

Duration (DU): The number of work periods (not including holidays or other nonworking periods) required to complete an activity or other project element. Usually expressed as workdays or workweeks. Sometimes incorrectly equated with elapsed time. See also effort.

Duration Compression: Shortening the project schedule without reducing the project scope. Duration compression is not always possible and often requires an increase in project cost.

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E

Early Finish Date (EF): In the critical path method, the earliest possible point in time on which the uncompleted portions of an activity (or the project) can finish, based on the network logic and any schedule constraints. Early finish dates can change as the project progresses and changes are made to the project plan.

Early Start Date (ES): In the critical path method, the earliest possible point in time on which the uncompleted portions of an activity (or the project) can start, based on the network logic and any schedule constraints. Early start dates can change as the project progresses and changes are made to the project plan