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在听力测试中还经常有类似的情况，即谈话一方用比较含蓄的方式表达某种意思，应试者需要根据选项、关键词、说话者的语气、语调(降调通常表示肯定，升调通常表示否定或疑问)以及句子的表达方式、利用逻辑思维能力进行推理与引申。对这种技能的考查要求考生更多从语篇的角度进行思考。 请听下面的例子： W: I am a strange here. Where can I have copies of my application? M: Isn't there a photocopy machine in the post office you were just in? Q: What does the man imply? A He doesn't know if there is a photocopy machine there? B. He asks the woman to mail a copy of her application. C. The photocopy machine isn't in the office any more. D. The woman can make copies in the post office. 这里的否定疑问句读降调，表示肯定的意思，所以答案是D。
４．意图、观点、态度
１）理解说话人意图、观点、和态度的技巧
说话人对某件事的观点也是听力测试中的重要方面，可以通过一些提示性的语言或一些相关词进行判断。比如：in my opinion, from my point of view, according to me, I can't agree more, as to me, so far as I am concerned…等。同时还要注意表示否定、转折和虚拟等含义的指示词。 说话人的意图一般在文中没有明确指出，需要通过对全文的理解和分析才能知道。 考查意图、观点、态度的试题都为主观性问题，在PETS第四级听力测试中主要出现C部分，其主要问题形式为： （１）What is the speaker's attitude toward the decision? (2) What does the speaker feel? (3) What is the main purpose of the talk? (4) What is the speaker's main concern? (5) What is the speaker's idea about the decision?
以上，我们介绍的是贯穿在公共英语等级考试第四级听力试题三部分当中的几种技能要求，这些技能也是通过其他级别考试的听力所必备的，因为公共英语等级考试的特点就是，上一级别的测试包括下一级别的所有内容并在广度和深度上有所发展。下面我们再回过头来具体分析四级听力试题的特点。
四级听力的第一部分，即Part A是听音完成句子题。它的具体要求是，考生听完一段话后用最多不超过三个字将五个句子补充完整。Part A和大学英语四、六级考试听力中的复合式听写有相似之处。两者都为完成句子，只是前者是把句子从短文中抽出来，有时候与原文句式稍有变化，但是还可以根据原文完成；而后者是在文中完成句子。请四级考生看《公共英语四级综合分册》的第59页上的文章和练习，其他级别的考生可以听下面的例子，然后我们一起来看如何解答这类问题： (来源：EnglishCN.com)
If you want to live a long life, there are seven golden rules. You should be married, live in a small town and have a job that requires physical activities. And you should not smoke. Nor should you become overweight. You should drive within the speed limits, wearing safety-belt. And you should have regular medical check-ups. On average, woman lives six years longer than man. So it helps if you are a woman. And your chances of living longer improve if your parents and grandparents each lives to a ripe old age. Currently the average life span for a man in civilized countries is 70 years old; 76 is normal for a woman. Earliest man was lucky if he reached 30 and even in Roman times a man was old at 40. By the 17th century the average span for Europe was 51. People in this century enjoy a long life.
我们一起来看问题： 1. According to the speaker, if one wants to live a long life, there are rules. 本题可以填7/seven/7 golden /seven golden, 答题的依据是文章的第一句，四个答案都没有超过3个词 2. You should have regular medical . 本题可以填check-up,因为它是文章中的词；也可以填examination, 它是check-up的同义词。 3. If you are a woman, your chances of living longer-- 本题可以填improve ，increase 4. People in this century enjoy . 本题可以填.a long life或longer life span. 从以上例题我们得出做这类题的规律：需要完成的句子与原文并不完全相同，需要根据原文捕捉信息，完成句子。问题的答案只要放在句子中符合原文的意思和语法结构，无论它是原文中的词或短语，还是原文当中词或短语的同义词，只要不超过3个词都可以是正确答案。从内容上看，这部分主要考查细节，如时间、地点、人物等，因此听时应注意细节。
公共英语等级考试四级听力的B部分主要考查总体和特定信息，要求考生根据对话或短文简单回答问题。我们还可以通过示例来分析这类试题。大家可以先听答题指导和问题，四级考生参看《公共英语四级综合分册》的第67-68页上的文章。
You will hear a speech. Answer questions 1-5 while you listen. Write as simply as possible for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You will have 25 seconds to read the questions.
1. Who is the speaker? 2. Which group of students is the speaker addressing? 3. Which season of the year is it? 4. For how long will the dormitories remain closed? 5. What does the speech mainly talk about?
下面请大家听文章：
Thank you for coming to this meeting for students who will be remaining on campus during the 10-day winter break. As the dean of students, it is my responsibility to explain the vacation arrangements and to have you fill our forms giving the days you will be staying on campus. To reducing heating cost, Butler Hall will be the only dormitory that will open, all the dormitories will be close at 5 p.m. on Friday, Feb, 7th, and will not reopen until 6 p.m. on Feb, 16th. Once you have your completed forms, we will assign you a room in Butler Hall. Please move all the belongings you need to your temporary accommodation by the 7th, as it will be possible to reopen the other dorms during these 10 days, once they have been closed. Most college facilities will be closed during the vacation. These facilities include the gymnasium, the college store and the dining halls. The library and the computer center will be open, though on a reduced schedule. Only the post office and the college administration offices will maintain their regular hours. Since I imagine most of you are staying here to finish up academic projects of one sort or another, let me wish you lucky with you work. If you have any special problems, please do not hesitate to contact me at the dean's office. |
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