The coming of the railroads made canal shipping less important，but it tied New York even more closely to the central regions of the country.It was easier for people in the central states to ship their goods to New York for export overseas. (来源：英语学习门户网站EnglishCN.com)

　　Exports from New York were greater than imports.Consequently，shipping companies were eager to fill their ships with passengers on the return trip from Europe.Passengers could come from Europe very cheaply as a result.

　　Thus New York became the greatest port for receiving people from European countries. Many of these people remained in the city.Others stayed in New York for a few weeks，months，or years，and then moved to other parts of the United States.For these great number of new Americans New York had to provide homes， goods， and services.Their labor helped the city be come great.

　　摘要

　　How New York Became America?s Largest City

　　New York was once smaller than Philadelphia and Boston，but now it is America?s largest city because of geography，history and economics.

　　New York was located at the seaport where materials were imported to the US and the products of the US were sent abroad across the sea.The city was further developed when the Erie Canal was completed in 1825.This linked Lake Erie to New York via the Hudson River and the cost of transporting goods to those who had settled inland was cut down.In addition， the Great Lakes were soon linked to the Mississippi.Later，railroads tied New York closer to the central states，whose goods were exported via New York.Fewer goods were imported，so cheap passages were available from Europe.New York became the main port for receiving Europeans，many of whom stayed in the city and helped it become great.

　　第四节报告

　　1.写作攻略

　　报告是下级部门就某件事情向上级部门和领导回报工作、反映情况、提出建议等使用的上行公文。就其内容实质来说，可分为信息类报告和分析类报告。信息类报告在日常事务中经常发生，其目的是通报信息和情况，一般要求准确、正确、完整、简明扼要。分析类报告在语言和格式上则更加正式、复杂，其目的在于对某问题或情况进行调查、研究、分析、评估或论证后提出结论，篇幅一般较长。报告的写作主要有以下要求：

　　(1) 写好一份报告，撰写人首先要对所要写的内容有充分的了解。写作时，应尽量多用被动语态，少用第一人称，以免主观、冒昧。

　　(2) 一般英文报告都可采用书信格式。

　　(3) 报告要有明确的中心思想、清楚的段落层次和合理的结构安排。

　　2.必背模版句型

　　The report is hereby made to ask for the approval of the board for the solution of the problem.

　　请董事会批准这件事的解决方案。

　　This report will summarize...

　　本报告将总结……

　　The report provides an introduction to...

　　本报告介绍了……

　　The operation on... is under smooth way.

　　……的运行很正常。

　　This report only provides guidelines they can use to assess their own needs.

　　本报告尽为他们评估自身需求提供一些指导。

　　May I have your approval of...by the end of this month?

　　月底之前我能得到您就……的批准吗？

　　We will fulfill the task ahead of time.

　　我们将提前完成任务。

　　Upon the request of the committee, we?ve conducted the report.

　　应委员会的请求，我们完成了这份报告。

　　3.必背经典范文

　　To：Mr. Johnson

　　From：Li Nan

　　Subject：Ship Accident off West Coast of The Yangtze River，No Casualties.

　　Date：April.4，2005

　　Yesterday evening two boats collided in thick fog in The Yangtze River not far from Wu Han. One was a cargo ship carrying lumber，apparently on its way to The Yangtze River. The other was a National ferry on its regular run from Jiu Jiang to Wu Han.

　　However，because of the weather conditions，the captains did not realize the danger until a few seconds before the collision took place. Consequently，there was no time for them to prevent the accident.

　　Fortunately，there were no casualties among the crews or passengers，but both ships suffered badly damages.

　　A spokesman for the port authorities said that a committee would be set up to determine the cause of the collision.

　　Sincerely yours,

　　Li Nan

　　译文

　　收信人：约翰逊先生

　　发信人:李楠

　　主题:长江西岸撞船事故,无伤亡

　　日期:2005年4月4日

　　昨晚在距武汉不远处，长江上的两艘船在浓雾中相撞。其中一艘为装运木材的货船，正向长江驶来；另外一艘是国家渡船正从九江到武汉正常航行。

　　但是由于恶劣的天气，船长知道撞击发生前几秒才意识到危险。 结果根本没有时间避免事故的发生。

　　幸运的是船员和乘客都没有伤亡,但船的损害相当严重。

　　船运部门发言人说会成立事故调查小组彻底调查事故原因。

　　你诚挚的：李楠